Firstly: Omar Became Caliph Once Abou Bakr Was Buried:

1- Once Abou Bakr died and was buried at night secretly, Omar appointed himself as a caliph the morning after, and this betrays a conspiracy arranged for everything to fall into slots. There is an account saying that Abou Bakr dictated on a scribe the decree that Omar would succeed him, and such dictation was done in the presence of Omar himself and Othman, who advised him to choose Omar, and Abou Bakr had sealed this decree. Hence, Othman used to attend Abou Bakr in his dying days; and the same goes for Omar, and both witnessed his death moment in his bed, and both called people to show them the sealed decree. This was a plot and a clear scheme executed by both men and masterminded by Abou Sufyan. 

2- From Abou Bakr's closed chamber and bed of death, news spread about Omar being caliph among all Arabia and the fighting troops in Iraq and the Levant. Narratives and accounts vary about such an event; some accounts assert that Abou Bakr appointed Omar as his successor after taking the advice of Othman and Abdel-Rahman Ibn Awf, and we personally do not find anything to refute such account, and we believe it as true because Abou Bakr never realized that he was poisoned, and when he felt his death was near in his feverish state, he might have dictated such a decree. Another account tells us that Talha and Ali, among the attendees of Abou Bakr in his death bed, opposed the succession of Omar, but Abou Bakr insisted on it. Such an account is asserted by another account supporting it narrated by Aisha who asserted that such opposition by Ali and Talha infuriated Omar. Of course, such narratives might be false; they might have been fabricated to support Omar's situation, as he buried Abou Bakr secretly at night and proclaimed himself as caliph hastily the morning after without taking anybody's opinion.

3- We reassert here that historical narratives are relative; they are not absolute truths or facts. The Absolute Truth is the Quran alone. In contrast, historical accounts narrated by human beings can contradict and refute one another, and narrators might lie as well and fabricate falsehoods. All historical figures and narrators of that time are not mentioned in the Quran and the deeds and narratives ascribed to them are NOT part of faith or Islam at all; this is just history. Even if one denies the existence of such characters and narratives, this has no effect on one's faith. History is not religion, and vice-versa: religion is not history. One should study history with the scientific methodology of research to form an opinion or stance toward it, supported with evidence and sufficient proof. To agree with this or that narrative or to disagree with such and such account is NOT part of Islam or faith. Yet, if Arab readers disagree just because this book they are reading comes with something novel and unprecedented in comparison to what is usually taught and inculcated in schools, or because they have been brought up in a culture that deifies the mortals like the so-called companions, then they should not go on reading and they ought to stop wasting their times and our time in fruitless discussions and questions. We address only those who seek historical facts among the cultured readers.

Secondly: Omar Controlled Governors by Confiscations, Beatings, and Dismissal:

1- Omar is known to the Sunnites of today within Sunnite historical accounts that he was a 'just' ruler; we beg to differ. We have published here on our website an article refuting this falsehood of the 'just' Omar, titled "Unspoken-of History of Omar the Caliph", and we have asserted in it how Omar committed grave injustices against the conquered nation whose lands and possessions and wealth were confiscated and occupied and whose people were persecuted and oppressed. We assert here in this book that Omar favored Mu'aweiya Ibn Abou Sufyan above all men, and this asserts our opinion that Omar was the primary agent/spy of Abou Sufyan, even during his caliphate, feared by all because of his severity and firmness. Such nepotism for the sake of Mu'aweiya was manifested in how Omar dealt with dismissed governors, as he confiscated their money, wealth, and possessions. Mu'aweiya was the only governor left in peace by Omar! In addition, Mu'aweiya was promoted to be the governor-general of all the Levant region, thus realizing the dream of his father, Abou Sufyan, who masterminded, before his death, how to appeal to nations of the Levant to help Mu'aweiya establish the Umayyad Dynasty, the very first hereditary rule or monarchy in Arab history, with Damascus as its capital.   

2- Saad Ibn Abou Waqqas, governor of Iraq, was appointed and later on dismissed by Omar, who confiscated half of his wealth as well, despite his being the military leader who achieved many victories, especially in the Battle of Al-Qadisiyya, after Khaled was dismissed from leading the Arab troops and armies. Abou Moussa Al-Asharey was appointed instead, to be later dismissed by Omar, who confiscated half of his wealth as well.

3- There were governors who were not dismissed but had half of their wealth and possessions confiscated by Omar: like Amr Ibn Al-'As, conqueror and later governor of Egypt. Omar sent to him Muhammad Ibn Maslama, who was a sort of financial auditor, to confiscate half of the wealth and possessions of Amr, who verbally abused Omar and his father, Al-Khattab, and had to entreat Ibn Maslama not to mentions this verbal abuse to the redoubtable Omar. Amr had to pay a lot of money to bribe him to buy his silence, but this did not prevent this financial auditor to send half of the money and possessions of Amr to Omar in Yathreb.

4- Let us focus here in more detail about Abou Hurayrah, the thief, the Sunnite supreme deity, and the fabricator and primary narrator of hadiths, which are still sanctified and revered by all Sunnites until now. This man was dismissed, beaten, verbally abused by Omar while his money, wealth, and possession were confiscated by Omar himself as well. A historical narrative tells us that Omar appointed Abou Hurayrah as governor of Bahrain, and then sent for him to come to Yathreb, checking and verifying the fact that this penniless governor had amassed riches and bought precious horses with a large sum of money, and after confiscating his wealth, Omar beat and flogged him himself until his back bled, and Omar verbally abused him in public and slandered his mother! Later on, Abou Hurayrah narrated his story, after the death of Omar, in a way that showed him as an innocent, guiltless, and wronged man: he said that he defended himself against the accusation of theft leveled against him by Omar, but Omar flogged him and confiscated all his money. Ibn Katheer, the revered imam and historian of Sunnites and especially Salafists, and who lived in the Mameluke era in Egypt and died in 774 A.H, honored and celebrated Abou Hurayrah a lot of times in his writings and mentioned many hadiths narrated by him, especially in his book of his own interpretation of the Quran, and in his history book, he mentioned that Abou Hurayrah died in 59 A.H., and we quote below some information Ibn Katheer wrote about Abou Hurayrah, along with our own comments on such tidbits and pieces of information:

·       Ibn Katheer writes that Abou Hurayrah converted to Islam in 7 A.H., and we just wonder and pose this important question: why hadiths that are ascribed to Abou Hurayrah have been circulated about things occurred in Mecca, like the night-journey, Muhammad's trying to convince the dying Abou Talib to convert to Islam, and hadiths about praising Othman who married Roqaya, the prophet's daughter, who died in 3 A.H. during the Battle of Badr? How come that Abou Hurayrah who converted to Islam in 7 A.H. in Mecca would be there in Yathreb to narrate and witness events in it?! These contradictions prove that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Ibn Katheer tells us about Abou Hurayrah that he accompanied Muhammad in Yathreb for just one year and nine months. Does this comply with the fact that Sunnites think that hundreds of thousands of hadiths narrated by Abou Hurayrah are true? How come he would narrate such hundreds of thousands in such a short period of time?! This asserts that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Many companions used to cast doubts on lots of narratives told by Abou Hurayrah; Ibn Katheer and Al-Bokhary wrote about how this man used to defend himself and his views: he used to rebuke other companions for leaving Muhammad most of the time to care for their trade and work, while he kept to Muhammad's side all the time. We wonder here: does this period of 21 months enough to allow Abou Hurayrah to narrate hundreds of thousands of hadiths?! This contradiction asserts that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Ibn Katheer admitted that Aisha, widow of Prophet Muhammad, denied the veracity and authenticity of most narratives of Abou Hurayrah, and he talked coarsely to her, mentioning to her that he was not busy beautifying himself like other women like her do to keep away from Muhammad, but he kept to the side of Muhammad all the time more than she did. We wonder here: how would he dare address her in that manner? How come a man's wife was not nearer to him than any companions? This shows that that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Ibn Katheer admitted that Omar, the caliph, accused Abou Hurayrah of theft, and dismissed him from being the governor of Bahrain, confiscating his money, and finally flogged him while verbally abusing him in public. We read about the viewpoint of Abou Hurayrah on this subject, but never about Omar's view or side of the story. We can just wonder here: who was the liar and who was the truth-teller: Omar or Abou Hurayrah? The latter admitted being accused and flogged; could we believe his fabrications and hadiths after that?! This proves that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Ibn Katheer admitted that Omar threatened Abou Hurayrah many times to stop narrating accounts about Muhammad; otherwise, he would punish him severely by severe beatings and flogging, and he likened Abou Hurayrah to corrupt Jewish clergy. Many historians assert that Abou Hurayrah used to keep a low profile by never uttering any hadiths during the caliphate of Omar, as he feared being punished or beaten by Omar. Even Omar ordered the new governor of Iraq to prevent people in mosques from narrating and circulating hadiths. We just wonder here: who was right: Omar or Abou Hurayrah?! This proves that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Ibn Katheer mentions that Abou Hurayrah used to narrate what was told to him by Kaab Al-Ahbar, the Jewish clergyman converted to Islam, who used to be a contemporary of Muhammad. We know quite well that Kaab Al-Ahbar was the main source of Israelites' narratives in heritage of Muslims as shown in countless tomes and volumes, and thus, we can conclude then that Abou Hurayrah was a mere paid agent spreading lies of Kaab Al-Ahbar as his mouthpiece. This proves to us that Abou Hurayrah was an inveterate liar.   

·       Lastly, Ibn Katheer admitted that Mu'aweiya, when he became a caliph, used to give many gifts of money to Abou Hurayrah, and later on appointed him as governor of Yathreb. When Abou Hurayrah died, Mu'aweiya lavished lots of money to his progeny for his services for the Umayyads and against Ali. It is a well-known fact in history that Abou Hurayrah fought with Mu'aweiya against Ali in the Battle of Siffein. Thus, Abou Hurayrah was   a mouthpiece of the Umayyads and he used to fabricate hadiths for their sake to make people support the Umayyads. We apologize for digressing here about the inveterate liar, Abou Hurayrah, as he was the primary servant of the Umayyads just like Omar and Othman before him, as they were employed by Abou Sufyan and later on by his son Mu'aweiya.

Thirdly: The 'Just' Omar Favored Mu'aweiya:

1- This nepotism toward Mu'aweiya was manifested in the fact that Mu'aweiya was the only governor during the caliphate of Omar who never got dismissed, humiliated, nor his money confiscated; on the contrary, Omar made him the governor of the whole of the Levant region. At first, Omar divided the Levant between the two sons of Abou Sufyan: Yazeed was the governor of Damascus and Mu'aweiya of Jordan, but when Yazeed died in the pest epidemic in 19 A.H., Mu'aweiya was appointed by Omar as the governor of the Levant, and the good news reached Abou Sufyan via envoys sent by Omar himself. This means that Omar made Mu'aweiya a governor-general, in full control of full authority, wealth, taxes, and tributes, and the Arab troops of the Levant. This is clear evidence that Omar was an agent working for Abou Sufyan. It is noteworthy that Mu'aweiya retained his position even after the assassination of Omar, during the caliphate of Othman, the son of his paternal uncle. Mu'aweiya as an independent ruler used to appoint himself governors of the Levant cities. Mu'aweiya retained his position even after the assassination of Othman.

2- We read this historical account about the relation between Omar and Abou Sufyan, during the caliphate of the former: (…Omar in his house had a comfortable couch reserved only for two persons when they visit him in Yathreb: Abbas and Abou Sufyan…).

3- There are historical narratives and accounts that were forged and spread at the time to cover Omar's nepotism in favoring Mu'aweiya and his father Abou Sufyan. We quote some of them here: (…When Abou Sufyan visited Mu'aweiya in the Levant, he returned to visit Omar in Yathreb, who demanded that Abou Sufyan would give him some of tributes and taxes money collected by his son. And when Abou Sufyan replied that they had collected nothing at all, Omar sent a ring owned by Abou Sufyan to his wife, Hind, to bring to them luggage he came with after his visit to the Levant. Omar found that the luggage contained 10.000 dirhams, and he confiscated the sum to the Treasury. When Othman, as a caliph, tried to return the sum to Abou Sufyan later on, he refused and insisted on never to have it back since Omar gave it to the Treasury of the caliphate…). Of course, we do not believe such a false narrative, as Omar never checked or questioned Mu'aweiya at all. The queries raised here are these: Why Omar dismissed all governors and confiscated their money and condoned and overlooked Mu'aweiya? Was Mu'aweiya an angel who never appropriated money and possessions of people in the Levant or some of the money collected as tributes and taxes?! Why did Omar grant Mu'aweiya free reins in the Levant? Mu'aweiya had full power and authority there to the extent that he prepared troops and armies and built a strong fleet to attack the Byzantines, and he gained spoils that he distributed himself. Omar never received any of them, and he overlooked all that. For instance, Mu'aweiya conquered a large part of the lands of the Byzantines in 22 A.H., with troops of 10.000 soldiers and cavaliers, and gained victory and lots of spoils, and Omar never received any of them and he never checked Mu'aweiya. Such events show clearly that Omar was the obedient agent of Abou Sufyan, who remained loyal to him even when he became caliph.