lt;/span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Perfect Competition</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">):</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">íÊãíÒ ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáÊÇãÉ ÈÚÏÉ ÎÕÇÆÕ æåí:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%">1-&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æÌæÏ ÚÏÏ ßÈíÑ ãä ÇáãÔÊÑíä (ÇáãÓÊåáßíä) æÇáÈÇÆÚíä (ÇáãäÊÌíä) ááÓáÚÉ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÊÚãá åÐå ÇáÎÇÕíÉ Úáì ÖãÇä ÚÏã ÊÃËíÑ Ãí ãÓÊåáß Ãæ ãäÊÌ Úáì ÓÚÑ ÇáÓáÚÉ Ýí ÇáÓæÞ. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">2- ÊäÊÌ ÇáãäÔÇÊ ÇáÚÇãáÉ Ýí ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÓáÚÉ ãÊÌÇäÓÉ (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Homogenous Goods</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">) æÊÚÊÈÑ ÇáÓáÚÉ ÇáÊí íÊã ÅäÊÇÌåÇ Ýí ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáßÇãáÉ ÓáÚÉ ãÊÌÇäÓÉ¡ ÈãÚäì Ãä Êßæä åÐå ÇáÓáÚÉ ãÊØÇÈÞÉ ãä äÇÍíÉ ÇáÌæÏÉ æÇáßÝÇÁÉ æÃÏÇÁ ÇáÎÏãÉ¡ æ ÊÚÊÈÑ&quot;ÈÏíá ßÇãá&quot; (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Perfect Substitute</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">) áÓáÚÉ ÇáãäÊÌíä ÇáÂÎÑíä. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">3- ÍÑíÉ ÇáÏÎæá Åáì ÇáÓæÞ (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Free Entry</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">)¡ Ýíãßä áÃí ãäÊÌ ÇáÏÎæá Åáì ÓæÞ ÇáÓáÚÉ æÅäÊÇÌåÇ¡ æÐáß ÈÓÈÈ ÚÏã æÌæÏ Ãí ÚæÇÆÞ ÊãäÚ ÏÎæá ãäÊÌíä ÌÏÏ Åáì ÇáÓæÞ. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">4- ÊæÝÑ ÇáãÚáæãÇÊ ÈÔßá ßÇãá (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Perfect Information</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">) Íæá ÇáÓáÚÉ æÓÚÑåÇ æØÑíÞÉ ÅäÊÇÌåÇ æÇáÊßÇáíÝ ÇáãÑÊÈØÉ ÈÅäÊÇÌåÇ æÇáÊÞäíÉ ÇáãÓÊÎÏãÉ Ýí ÚãáíÉ ÅäÊÇÌåÇ. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ËÇäíÇð: ÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ ÇáÊÇã (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">(Pure Monopoly</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">íÚÊÈÑ ÓæÞ ÓáÚÉ ãÇ ÓæÞ ÇÍÊßÇÑ ÊÇã ÅÐÇ ÊãíÒ ÇáÓæÞ ÈÇáÎÕÇÆÕ ÇáÊÇáíÉ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">1-&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æÌæÏ ãäÊÌ Ãæ ÈÇÆÚ æÍíÏ Ýí ÇáÓæÞ ÝÇáãÍÊßÑ åæ ÇáãäÊÌ Ãæ ÇáÈÇÆÚ ÇáæÍíÏ ááÓáÚÉ¡ æÈÇáÊÇáí ÝÅä åÐÇ ÇáãÍÊßÑ íãËá ÓæÞ ÇáÓáÚÉ. ÝÚäÏãÇ íÞæã ÇáãÍÊßÑ ÈÑÝÚ ÇáßãíÉ ÇáãÚÑæÖÉ ãä ÇáÓáÚÉ¡ ÝÅä ÓÚÑ ÇáÓáÚÉ ÓæÝ íäÎÝÖ. ÃãÇ ÚäÏãÇ íÞæã ÇáãÍÊßÑ ÈÊÎÝíÖ ÇáßãíÉ ÇáãÚÑæÖÉ ÝÅä ÓÚÑ ÇáÓáÚÉ ÓæÝ íÑÊÝÚ. æ ÇáãÍÊßÑ åæ ÕÇäÚ ÇáÓÚÑ (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Price-Maker</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">)¡ æáíÓ ãÓÊÞÈáÇð ááÓÚÑ (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Price-Taker</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">)¡ ßãÇ Ýí ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáßÇãáÉ. ÝÇáãÍÊßÑ íÊãÊÚ ÈÞæÉ ÇÍÊßÇÑíÉ (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Market Power</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">). </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">2- ÚÏã æÌæÏ ÈÏÇÆá ÞÑíÈÉ áÓáÚÉ ÇáãÍÊßÑ: </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ãÇ íãíÒ ÇáÓáÚÉ ÇáÊí íÞæã ÇáãÍÊßÑ ÈÅäÊÇÌåÇ Ãæ ÈíÚåÇ åæ ÚÏã æÌæÏ ÈÏÇÆá ÞÑíÈÉ ÊÓÊØíÚ Ãä ÊÚæÖ Êáß ÇáÓáÚÉ. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">3- æÌæÏ ÚæÇÆÞ ÊãäÚ ÏÎæá ãäÊÌíä ÌÏÏ Åáì ÓæÞ ÇáãÍÊßÑ. ÝÞÏ Êßæä åÐå ÇáÚæÇÆÞ ÚæÇÆÞ ÞÇäæäíÉ (ÈÑÇÁÇÊ ÇáÇÎÊÑÇÚ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ)¡ Ãæ ÚæÇÆÞ ÍßæãíÉ (ÞæÇäíä ãÍáíÉ)¡ Ãæ ÚæÇÆÞ ÅäÊÇÌíÉ (ãáßíÉ ØÑíÞÉ ÇáÅäÊÇÌ Ãæ ãáßíÉ ÚäÇÕÑ ÇáÅäÊÇÌ)¡ Ãæ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÚæÇÆÞ </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÊÞäíÉ (ÇáÊßäæáæÌíÇ ÇáãÓÊÎÏãÉ Ýí ÚãáíÉ ÇáÅäÊÇÌ)¡ Ãæ </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÚæÇÆÞ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%"> ØÈíÚíÉ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÃäæÇÚ ÃÎÑì ááÓæÞ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">íÚÊÈÑ ßá ãä ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáßÇãáÉ æÓæÞ ÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ ÇáÊÇã ÇáÍÇáÇÊ ÇáÞÕæì ÇáÊí íãßä áÃí ÓæÞ ÇáæÕæá áåÇ. æÝíãÇ Èíä åÐíä ÇáÔßáíä ãä ÃÔßÇá ÇáÓæÞ¡ ÊæÌÏ ÃÔßÇá ÃÎÑì ÊÌãÚ Èíä ÎÕÇÆÕ ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáßÇãáÉ æÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ ÇáÊÇã. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÃæáÇð: ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáÇÍÊßÇÑíÉ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æíÚÊÈÑ åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ ÞÑíÈ ÇáÔÈå ãä ÓæÞ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÇáßÇãáÉ¡ æãä ÎÕÇÆÕ åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 18pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">1- æÌæÏ ÚÏÏ ßÈíÑ ãä ÇáãäÔÇÊ ÇáÕÛíÑÉ¡ ÈÍíË áÇ ÊÓÊØíÚ Ãí ãäÔÃÉ ÇáÊÃËíÑ Úáì ÓÚÑ ÇáÓæÞ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 18pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">2-&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÇáÓáÚ ãÊÔÇÈåÉ áßäåÇ ÛíÑ ãÊÌÇäÓÉ¡ ÍíË íãßä ÇáÊÝÑÞÉ Èíä ÇáÓáÚ ÇáãæÌæÏÉ Ýí ÇáÓæÞ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">3-&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÓåæáÉ ÇáÏÎæá Åáì ÇáÓæÞ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">4-&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æÌæÏ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÛíÑ ÇáÓÚÑíÉ¡ æíÊãËá Ðáß ÈÇÓÊÎÏÇã ØÑÞ ÊäÇÝÓíÉ ßÇÓÊÎÏÇã æÓÇÆá ÇáÏÚÇíÉ æÇáÅÚáÇä¡ æíÓãì åÐÇ ÈÇáÊãííÒ ÇáÓáÚí (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Product Differentiation</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">).</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ËÇäíÇð: ÇÍÊßÇÑ ÇáÞáÉ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æíÚÊÈÑ åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ ÃÞÑÈ Åáì ÓæÞ ÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ ÇáÊÇã¡ æíÊãíÒ åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ ÈÇáÎÕÇÆÕ ÇáÊÇáíÉ:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">1- æÌæÏ ÚÏÏ Þáíá ãä ÇáãäÔÇÊ ÇáÊí Êãáß ÍÕÉ ßÈíÑÉ ãä ÇáÓæÞ. æíãßä ÞíÇÓ ÍÌã ÍÕÉ ÇáãäÔÃÉ Ýí ÇáÓæÞ ÈÊÞÏíÑ ÍÌã ÇáãÈíÚÇÊ Ãæ ÇáÅäÊÇÌ. (ãäÙãÉ ÇáÃæÈß).</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">2- æÌæÏ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÛíÑ ÇáÓÚÑíÉ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">3- æÌæÏ ÚæÇÆÞ ÊãäÚ ÏÎæá ãäÊÌíä ÌÏÏ Åáì ÇáÓæÞ. æÊÚØí åÐå ÇáãíÒÉ &quot;ÞæÉ ÇÍÊßÇÑíÉ&quot; ááãäÊÌíä Ýí åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ¡ ÅÖÇÝÉ Åáì æÌæÏ &quot;ÚáÇÞÇÊ ãÊÈÇÏáÉ&quot; Èíä ÇáãäÊÌíä Ýí ÇáÓæÞ. æÃÎíÑÇ¡ íÊæÝÑ Ýí åÐÇ ÇáÓæÞ ÍæÇÝÒ ááÇÊÝÇÞ Èíä ááãäÊÌíä Ýí ÇáÓæÞ Úáì ÇáÈíÚ ÈÓÚÑ ãÚíä¡ Ãæ ÊÞÓíã ãäÇØÞ ÇáÈíÚ Èíä ÇáãäÊÌíä æåßÐÇ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">4- Êßæä ÇáÓáÚÉ ÇáãäÊÌÉ ÓáÚÉ ãÊãíÒÉ¡ ÍíË íßæä åäÇß ÇÎÊáÇÝ ÈÓíØ ßäæÚ ÇáÊÛáíÝ Ãæ ÎÏãÇÊ ãÇ ÈÚÏ ÇáÈíÚ. æÊÑÊÈØ åÐÇ ÇáãíÒÉ ãÚ ÇáãäÇÝÓÉ ÛíÑ ÇáÓÚÑíÉ. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><u><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">È. ÑÄíÉ ÞÑÁÇäíÉ ááÃÓæÇÞ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ</span></u></strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">:</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÇáäÙÇã ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏí ÇáÅÓáÇãí íÓÊãÏ ÖæÇÈØå ãä ÇáÞÑÁÇä Úáì ÇÚÊÈÇÑ Ãä ÚÞíÏÉ ÇáäÙÇã ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏí åí ÇáÅÓáÇã æÚÞíÏÉ ÇáãÓáã åí ÅÊÈÇÚ ÇáÞÑÁÇä¡ æÈÇáÊÇáí ÝÓíÇÓÇÊ æÂáíÇÊ åÐÇ ÇáäÙÇã Êßæä æÝÞ ÇáËæÇÈÊ æÇáãÈÇÏÆ æÇáÞæÇÚÏ ÇáÞÑÁÇäíÉ ÇáÊí ÊÊÓã ÈÇáÕáÇÍíÉ ÇáãØáÞÉ ÊÌÇå ÊÍÞíÞ ãÊØáÈÇÊ ÇáÍíÇÉ ÇáÈÔÑíÉ Ýí ßÇÝÉ ÃØæÇÑåÇ æãäåÇ ÈØÈíÚÉ ÇáÍÇá ÇáÌÇäÈ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏí ááÝÑÏ ÇáãÓáã.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt">Ã&zwnj;.<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt">ÇáÖæÇÈØ ÇáÞÑÁÇäíÉ ááÃÓæÇÞ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ:</span></b></div>
</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">1.<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÊÍÞíÞ ÇáÚÏá Ýí ÇáÃÓæÇÞ:</span></b></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: (ÃóæúÝõæÇú Çáúßóíúáó æóáÇó ÊóßõæäõæÇú ãöäó ÇáúãõÎúÓöÑöíäó * æóÒöäõæÇú ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØóÇÓö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö * æóáÇó ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇú ÇáäøÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÂÁóåõãú æóáÇó ÊóÚúËóæúÇú Ýöí ÇáÃÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó) [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ 181- 183]¡ </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÝÇáãÞÏÇÑ ÇáÒÇÆÏ ãä ÇáÓáÚÉ ÚäÏ ÇáÈíÚ åæ æÝÇÁ Çáßíá æ áæ ßÇä ÈÓíØÇ ÝÃäå ÕÏÞÉ¡ ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì:( </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÝóÃóæúÝö áóäóÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóÊóÕóÏøóÞú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞöíäó) íæÓÝ 88</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">&nbsp;.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ææÝÇÁ Çáßíá áíÓ Ýí ÇáÈíÚ ÝÞØ Èá íÊÌÇæÒå Çáì ßÇÝÉ ÇáäÔÇØÇÊ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ ßÇáÃäÊÇÌ æÇáÎÏãÇÊ æ ÇáÚãá æ ÛíÑåÇ Ýãä ßÇä íäÊÌ íÌÈ Ãä íæÝí ßÇÝÉ ÇáãÞÇÏíÑ Ýí ÇáÅäÊÇÌ æ áÇ íÛÔ¡ æãä ßÇä íÑÈØå ÚÞÏ ÎÏãÉ Ãæ Úãá ÝáÇ ÈÏ Ãä íæÝí ÃÏÇÁ ÎÏãÊå Ãæ æÞÊå¡ Ý</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">åÐå ÇáÃÓÇáíÈ ãä ÔÃäåÇ ÅÞÇãÉ ÇáÚÏá æÊÝÚíá ÇáÃÎáÇÞ ÇáÍÓäÉ ãä ÇáÃãÇäÉ æÚÏã ÇáÙáã ÈãÇ íßÝá ÊÍÞíÞ ãÕÇáÍ ØÑÝí ÇáÓæÞ ÈÚÏÇáÉ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">2.<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Çáäåì Úä ÇáÓáæß ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏí ÇáÎÇØÆ ßÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ:</span></b></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì :(æóáÇó ÊóÃúßõáõæóÇú ÃóãúæóÇáóßõãú Èóíúäóßõãú ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö æóÊõÏúáõæÇú ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßøÇãö áöÊóÃúßõáõæÇú ÝóÑöíÞÇð ãøäú ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøÇÓö ÈöÇáÅöËúãö æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó) [ÇáÈÞÑÉ188].</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">&nbsp;æÇáÃíÉ ãÞÓãÉ Çáì ÞÓãíä ÈÑÃíí¡ ÇáÃæá (æóáÇó ÊóÃúßõáõæóÇú ÃóãúæóÇáóßõãú Èóíúäóßõãú ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö) ßÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ ÝÇáãäÊÌ ÚäÏãÇ íÍÊßÑ ÓáÚÉ æ áÇ íÑÇÚí åÇãÔ ÑÈÍåÇ ãä ÌÔÚå ÇáÐí íÒíÏ Ýí ÓÚÑåÇ ÈÇáØÈÚ¡ æÊÞÇÈáå ãä ØÑÝ ÇáãÔÊÑí ÇáÑÛÈÉ Ýí ÇáÔÑÇÁ æÚÏã ÇáÑÖÇ Úáì ÇáÓÚÑ åæ Ãßá áÃãæÇá ÇáäÇÓ ÈÇáÈÇØá¡ ÃãÇ ÇáÌÒÁ ÇáËÇäí Ýåæ : (æóÊõÏúáõæÇú ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßøÇãö áöÊóÃúßõáõæÇú ÝóÑöíÞÇð ãøäú ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøÇÓö ÈöÇáÅöËúãö æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó) æåÐå ãä ÞÈíá ÇáÑÔæÉ áãáßíÉ ÔíÁ Ãæ ÇáÍÕæá Úáì ÇãÊíÇÒ Ãæ ÛíÑåÇ¡ æÈÇáÊÇáí ÝÃä ßá ãÇ ÃÎÐ ÛÕÈÇ æ Ïæä ÑÖÇ Ýåæ Ãßá áÃãæÇá ÇáäÇÓ ÈÇáÈÇØá. &nbsp;</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">&nbsp;Åä ãä íÏÑß Ãäå ãÓÊÎáÝ Úáì ÇáãÇá æ Ãäå áíÓ ãáßå æ áæ ÚãøÑ ãáíæä ÓäÉ¡ ÓíÕá Åáì ÍÞíÞÉ ÇáÑÈÍ ÇáãÚÊÏá ÇáÐí ÓíäÝÞ æ ÓíÊÕÏÞ ãäå ÃíÖÇ¡ æÈÇáÊÇáí ÝÇáãÇá åæ æÓíáÉ ÚíÔ&nbsp;&nbsp; æÞÇá ÊÚÇáì : (æóÇáøÐöíäó íóßúäöÒõæäó ÇáÐøåóÈó æóÇáúÝöÖøÉó æóáÇó íõäÝöÞõæäóåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøåö ÝóÈóÔøÑúåõãú ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò) [ÇáÊæÈÉ34].</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æÇáäÕæÕ ÓÇáÝÉ ÇáÐßÑ ÊÚØí ÊæÌíåÇÊ ãÈÇÔÑÉ æÛíÑ ãÈÇÔÑÉ áÖÈØ ÇáÓáæß ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏí áÊÍÞíÞ ÃåÏÇÝ ßÇÝÉ ÃÝÑÇÏ ÇáãÌÊãÚ ÈÚÏÇáÉ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">3.<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">Çáäåì Úä Çá</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÅÓÑÇÝ æ ÇáÙáã æ ÇáÝÓÇÏ:</span></b></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-justify: kashida; direction: rtl; text-indent: 10.3pt; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt">ÝÝí ÇáÅÓÑÇÝ ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: {æóáÇ ÊõÓúÑöÝõæÇ Åöäøóåõ áÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó} (ÇáÃäÚÇã: ãä ÇáÂíÉ141) </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-justify: kashida; direction: rtl; text-indent: 10.3pt; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt">Ãí áÇ ÊÌÇæÒæÇ ÇáÍÏ&nbsp;æåæ&nbsp;ÇáÞÏÑ ÇáãæÖæÚ ßãíÒÇä¡ ÝåäÇß ÍÇáÉ ÇÊÒÇä ÚÇã æÇáÎÑæÌ&nbsp;ÚäåÇ íÚÊÈÑ ÇÓÑÇÝ. ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: {æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó åõãú ÃóÕúÍÇÈõ ÇáäøóÇÑö} ÛÇÝÑ/ 43. Ãí ÇáãÊÚÏæä ááÍÏ¡ æãÌãæÚ ÇáÂíÇÊ ÇáÊí ÊÚÑÖ ÇáÞÑÂä ÇáßÑíã ÝíåÇ ááÅÓÑÇÝ æãÔÊÞÇÊå íäÈÆ Úä æÎÇãÉ ÇáÅÓÑÇÝ æÎØÑå Úáì ãÎÊáÝ ÇáÃÕÚÏÉ: ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ æÇáÚÞÇÆÏíÉ æÇáÃÎáÇÞíÉ æÇáÓíÇÓíÉ . </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="text-justify: kashida; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt">æÝí ÇáÙáã ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì <b>(ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÓøóÈöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÙúáöãõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó </b></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt">&hellip;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt">)</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt"> ÇáÔæÑì æ ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: <b>( æ áÞÏ ÃåáßäÇ ÇáÞÑæä ãä ÞÈáßã áãøÇ ÙáãæÇ</b></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt">..</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt">)</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt"> íæäÓ 13 ¡ æ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt">ÇáÙáã Ýì ÇáãÚÇãáÉ äÚäì Èå ãÇ íÓÈÈ ÇáÖÑÑ ááÛíÑ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt"> .</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right">&nbsp;</div>
<div dir="rtl" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt">ÃãÇ Ýí ÇáÝÓÇÏ ÝáÞÏ ÃÚØÇäÇ ÇáÞÑÂä ÇáßÑíã ÊÕæøÑÇð ãÊßÇãáÇð Úä ÇáÇäÍÑÇÝ æ äÊíÌÊå ãä ÇáåáÇß. æ ãä Êáß ÇáÃÓÈÇÈ ÇáÈØÑ Ýí ÇáãÚíÔÉ¡ ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: <b>(æ ßã ÃåáßäÇ ãä ÞÑíÉ ÈØÑÊ ãÚíÔÊåÇ)</b> ÇáÞÕÕ 58 ÝÅä ÇáÈØÑ íæÌÈ ÚÏã ÑÄíÉ ÔíÁ Óæì ÇáãÇÏÉ æ ÇááÐÉ æ ãÇ íÊÈÚÇäå ãä ÇáÝÓÇÏ æÇáÅÝÓÇÏ. æ ÞÇá ÊÚÇáì: <b>(æ ÅÐÇ ÃÑÏäÇ Ãä äåáß ÞÑíÉñ ÃãÑäÇ ãÊÑÝíåÇ ÝÝÓÞæÇ ÝíåÇ ÝÍÞ ÚáíåÇ ÇáÞæá)</b> ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ 16. </span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 36pt 0pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">È&zwnj;.&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">ÇáÖæÇÈØ ÇáÃÎáÇÞíÉ ááÃÓæÇÞ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ :</span></b></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">&nbsp;Åä ÇáÖæÇÈØ æÇáÃÎáÇÞíÇÊ ÇáÕÍíÍÉ æ ÇáÝØÑÉ ÇáÊí ÝØÑ Çááå ÇáäÇÓ ÚáíåÇ¡ áÇ íãßä ÝÕáåÇ Úä ØÈíÚÉ ÇáÚáÇÞÇÊ æÇáÓáæßíÇÊ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ ÇáÊí íãßä ÑÕÏåÇ Ýí ÇáÃÓæÇÞ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ ÇáãÎÊáÝÉ. ÝÅÐÇáã íßä åäÇß ãä ÇáÊÔÑíÚÇÊ æÇááæÇÆÍ ÇáãÚÇÕÑÉ ÇáÊí íãßä Ãä ÊÍãí åÐå ÇáÃÎáÇÞíÇÊ æÇáÖæÇÈØ ÐÇÊ ÇáÕáÉ¡ ÝÅä ÇáÓáæßíÇÊ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ ÇáÎÇØÆÉ ãËá ÇáÇÍÊßÇÑ Ãæ ÇáÛÔ Ãæ ÚÏã ÇÍÊÑÇã ÇáÊÚÇÞÏÇÊ Ýí ÇáãæÇÕÝÇÊ æÇáãæÇÚíÏ æãÇ Åáì Ðáß¡ åí ÓÈÈ ÇáãÔÇßá ÇáÊí íãßä Ãä ÊæÇÌå ÏæÑ ÇáÃÓæÇÞ Ýí ÊÍÑíß ÇáÃäÔØÉ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ ÇáãÎÊáÝÉ¡ æÈåÇ ÊÕÈÍ ãÄÔÑÇÊ ÇáÓæÞ ÈÚíÏÉ ÊãÇãÇð Úä ÇáÍÞíÞÉ¡ ããÇ íÄÏí Åáì ÅÊÈÇÚ ÓíÇÓÇÊ æ ÅÌÑÇÁÇÊ æ ÞÑÇÑÇÊ ÛíÑ ÕÍíÍÉ.</span></div>
<div dir="rtl" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%">æãÚ ÇÓÊãÑÇÑ Êáß ÇáÓáæßíÇÊ ÇáÎÇØÆÉ æÇáÞÑÇÑÇÊ ÇáãÑÊÈØÉ ÈåÇ¡ ÊÊÓÚ ÏÇÆÑÉ ÇáÇÎÊáÇá Ýí ÃÓæÇÞ ÇáÓáÚ æÇáÎÏãÇÊ áÊÕá ÚäÏ ãÑÍáÉ ãÚíäÉ¡ ßÍÇáÉ ÇáßÓÇÏ ÇáÔÇãá Ýí ÇáÃÓæÇÞ¡ ÇáÃãÑ ÇáÐí íÊØáÈ ÅÚÇÏÉ ÇáäÙÑ Ýí ÇáÃÓÈÇÈ æÅÚÇÏÉ ÊÍáíá ÇáÓáæßíÇÊ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ æÇáãÈÇÏÆ ÇáÊí ßÇäÊ ÓÇÆÏÉ æÊÚÏíá ÇáäÙã æÊØÈíÞ ÓáæßíÇÊ ÅÌÈÇÑíÉ ßÝÑÖ ÊÓÚíÑÇÊ ÌÈÑíÉ¡ Ãæ ÅÊÈÇÚ ÓíÇÓÇÊ ãÚíäÉ íãßä Ãä Êßæä ÎÇØÆÉ ãËá ÓíÇÓÇÊ ÊÃãíã ÇáËÑæÇÊ Ãæ ãÇ Åáì Ðáß ãä Íáæá ÊÊÓã ÈÎØà ÇáÊÔÎíÕ¡ æãä Ëã ÎØà ÇáÓíÇÓÇÊ ÇáãÊÎÐÉ áãæÇÌåÉ ÇáãÔÇßá ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ Ýí ÓæÞ ÇáÓáÚ æÇáÎÏãÇÊ æ ÛíÑåÇ ãä ÇáÃÓæÇÞ ÐÇÊ ÇáÚÑÖ æ ÇáØáÈ¡ æÇáäÊíÌÉ ÍÕÇÏ ÇáãÒíÏ ãä ÇáãÔÇßá æÇáÇÎÊáÇáÇÊ .</span></div>